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(1) A Mechanism for Pentamidine-Induced Hyperkalemia: Inhibition of Distal Nephron Sodium Transport. Ann Intern Med 1995 | Volume 122 Issue 2 | Pages 103-106
(2) Trimethoprim is structurally related to the potassium-sparing diuretic agent amiloride, of which the similarity allows trimethoprim at high concentrations to block amiloride-sensitive sodium channels and function like a potassium-sparing diuretic.
・Choi MJ et al. Trimethoprim-induced hyperkalemia in a patient with AIDS. N Engl J Med (1993) 328:703–6.
・Schlanger LE et al. K(+)-sparing diuretic actions of trimethoprim: inhibition of Na+ channels in A6 distal nephron cells. Kidney Int (1994) 45:1070–6.
・Fonseca P et al. The effect of trimethoprim on sodium transport across the frog skin epithelium. Eur J Pharmacol (1991) 207:337–43.
・Mohan S et al. Influence of concomitant prednisolone on trimethoprim-associated hyperkalaemia.J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009 Oct;64(4):850-2. Epub 2009 Aug 4（ステロイド併用群はバクタ単独に比して、予期せず、高カリウム血症の頻度が高かった：Mohanらは未知の相互作用またはステロイドの異化亢進の可能性を想定している）.
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